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| From: | CERT <cert_(at)_cert.gov> | | Date: | 14.11.2002 | | Subject: | CERT Advisory CA-2002-31 Multiple Vulnerabilities in BIND |
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CERT Advisory CA-2002-31 Multiple Vulnerabilities in BIND
Original release date: November 14, 2002
Last revised: --
Source: CERT/CC
A complete revision history can be found at the end of this file.
Systems Affected
* Systems running various versions of BIND 4 and BIND 8
Because the normal operation of most services on the Internet
depends on the proper operation of DNS servers, other services
could be affected if these vulnerabilities are exploited.
Overview
Multiple vulnerabilities with varying impacts have been found in BIND,
the popular domain name server and client library software package
from the Internet Software Consortium (ISC).
Some of these vulnerabilities may allow remote attackers to execute
arbitrary code with the privileges of the user running named,
(typically root), or with the privileges of vulnerable client
applications. The other vulnerabilities will allow remote attackers to
disrupt the normal operation of DNS name service running on victim
servers.
I. Description
Multiple vulnerabilities have been found in BIND (Berkeley Internet
Name Domain). Some of these vulnerabilities (VU#852283, VU#844360) may
allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code with the privileges
of the user running named, typically root. The other vulnerabilities
(VU#229595, VU#581682) will allow remote attackers to disrupt the
normal operation of your name server, possibly causing a crash.
BIND DNS Server Vulnerabilities
VU#852283 - Cached malformed SIG record buffer overflow
This vulnerability is a buffer overflow in named. It can occur when
responses are constructed using previously-cached malformed SIG
records. (SIG records are typically associated with cryptographically
signed DNS data.) Exploitation of the vulnerability can lead to
arbitrary code execution as the named uid, typically root.
The following versions of BIND are affected:
- BIND versions 4.9.5 to 4.9.10
- BIND versions 8.1, 8.2 to 8.2.6, and 8.3.0 to 8.3.3
VU#229595 - Overly large OPT record assertion
ISC BIND 8 fails to properly handle DNS lookups for non-existent
sub-domains when overly large OPT resource records are appended to a
query. When a non-existent domain (NXDOMAIN) response is constructed
by a victim nameserver, an assertion may be triggered if the client
passes a large UDP buffer size. This assertion will cause the running
named to exit.
The following versions of BIND are affected:
- BIND versions 8.3.0 to 8.3.3
VU#581682 - ISC BIND 8 fails to properly de-reference cache SIG RR elements
with invalid expiry times from the internal database
ISC's description of this vulnerability states:
It is possible to de-reference a NULL pointer for certain signature
expire values.
The following versions of BIND are affected:
- BIND versions 8.2 to 8.2.6
- BIND versions 8.3.0 to 8.3.3.
BIND DNS Resolver Vulnerabilities
VU#844360 - Domain Name System (DNS) stub resolver libraries vulnerable to
buffer overflows via network name or address lookups
An attacker could execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the
application that made the request or cause a denial of service. The
attacker would need to control the contents of DNS responses, possibly
by spoofing responses or gaining control of a DNS server.
These vulnerabilities are distinct from the issues discussed in
CA-2002-19. The following DNS stub resolver libraries are known to be
affected:
- BIND 4.9.2 through 4.9.10
The status of other resolver libraries derived from BIND 4 such as BSD
libc, GNU glibc, and those used by System V UNIX systems is currently
unknown. Additionally, these issues are mapped to CVE as follows.
VU#852283 - CAN-2002-1219
VU#229595 - CAN-2002-1220
VU#581682 - CAN-2002-1221
VU#844360 - CAN-2002-0029
II. Impact
VU#852283 - Cached malformed SIG record buffer overflow
A remote attacker could execute arbitrary code on the nameserver with
the privileges of the named uid, typically root.
VU#229595 - Overly large OPT record assertion
A remote attacker can disrupt the normal operation of your name
server, possibly causing a crash.
VU#581682 - ISC BIND 8 fails to properly de-reference cache SIG RR elements
with invalid expiry times from the internal database
A remote attacker can disrupt the normal operation of your name
server, possibly causing a crash.
VU#844360 - Domain Name System (DNS) stub resolver libraries vulnerable to
buffer overflows via network name or address lookups
An attacker could execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the
application that made the request or cause a denial of service. The
attacker would need to control the contents of DNS responses, possibly
by spoofing responses or gaining control of a DNS server.
III. Solution
Apply a patch from your vendor.
Appendix A contains information provided by vendors for this advisory.
As vendors report new information to the CERT/CC, we will update this
section and note the changes in our revision history. If a particular
vendor is not listed below, we have not received their comments.
Please contact your vendor directly.
If a vendor patch is not available, you may wish to consider applying
the patches ISC has produced:
BIND 8.3.3 - http://www.isc.org/products/BIND/patches/bind833.diff
BIND 8.2.6 - http://www.isc.org/products/BIND/patches/bind826.diff
BIND 4.9.10 - http://www.isc.org/products/BIND/patches/bind4910.diff
For VU#844360, the BIND 4 libresolv buffer overflows, an upgrade to a
corrected version of the DNS resolver libraries will be required.
Note that DNS resolver libraries can be used by multiple applications
on most systems. It may be necessary to upgrade or apply multiple
patches and then recompile statically linked applications.
Applications that are statically linked must be recompiled using
patched resolver libraries. Applications that are dynamically linked
do not need to be recompiled; however, running services need to be
restarted in order to use the patched resolver libraries.
System administrators should consider the following process when
addressing this issue:
1. Patch or obtain updated resolver libraries.
2. Restart any dynamically linked services that use the resolver
libraries.
3. Recompile any statically linked applications using the patched or
updated resolver libraries.
Workarounds
VU#852283 - Cached malformed SIG record buffer overflow
VU#229595 - Overly large OPT record assertion
VU#581682 - ISC BIND 8 fails to properly dereference cache SIG RR
elements with invalid expiry times from the internal database
One potential workaround to limit exposure to the vulnerabilities in
named is to disable recursion on any nameserver responding to DNS
requests made by untrusted systems. As mentioned in "Securing an
Internet Name Server":
Disabling recursion puts your name servers into a passive mode,
telling them never to send queries on behalf of other name servers
or resolvers. A totally non-recursive name server is protected from
cache poisoning, since it will only answer queries directed to it.
It doesn't send queries, and hence doesn't cache any data.
Disabling recursion can also prevent attackers from bouncing denial
of services attacks off your name server by querying for external
zones.
Non-recursive nameservers should be much more resistant to
exploitation of the server vulnerabilites listed above.
Additional Countermeasures
ISC recommends upgrading to BIND version 9.2.1. BIND version 9.2.1 is
available from: http://www.isc.org/products/BIND/bind9.html.
Note that the upgrade from previous versions of BIND may require
additional site reconfiguration.
Appendix A. - Vendor Information
This appendix contains information provided by vendors for this
advisory. As vendors report new information to the CERT/CC, we will
update this section and note the changes in our revision history. If a
particular vendor is not listed below, we have not received their
comments.
Conectiva
Conectiva Linux 6.0 is affected by this. Updated packages are
available at our ftp server:
ftp://atualizacoes.conectiva.com.br/6.0/RPMS/bind-8.2.6-1U60_2cl.i386.rpm
ftp://atualizacoes.conectiva.com.br/6.0/RPMS/bind-chroot-8.2.6-1U60_2cl.i386.
rpm
ftp://atualizacoes.conectiva.com.br/6.0/RPMS/bind-devel-8.2.6-1U60_2cl.i386.rpm
ftp://atualizacoes.conectiva.com.br/6.0/RPMS/bind-devel-static-8.2.6-1U60_2cl.
i386.rpm
ftp://atualizacoes.conectiva.com.br/6.0/RPMS/bind-doc-8.2.6-1U60_2cl.i386.rpm
ftp://atualizacoes.conectiva.com.br/6.0/RPMS/bind-utils-8.2.6-1U60_2cl.i386.rpm
An advisory about this vulnerability is pending and should be sent to
our security mailing list and published in our web site during the day
(Nov 14th).
FreeBSD
Please see FreeBSD-SA-02:43.bind.
Hewlett-Packard Company
SOURCE: Hewlett-Packard Company Software Security Response team x-ref:
SSRT2408
At the time of writing this document, Hewlett Packard is currently
investigating the potential impact to HP's released Operating System
software products. As further information becomes available HP will
provide notice of the availability of any necessary patches through
standard security bulletin announcements and be available from your
normal HP Services support channel.
MontaVista Software
MontaVista ships BIND 9, thus is not vulnerable to these advisories.
Nominum, Inc.
Nominum "Foundation" Authoritative Name Server (ANS) is not affected
by this vulnerability. Also, Nominum "Foundation" Caching Name Server
(CNS) is not affected by this vulnerability. Nominum's commercial DNS
server products, which are part of Nominum "Foundation" IP Address
Suite, are not based on BIND and do not contain any BIND code, and so
are not affected by vulnerabilities discovered in any version of BIND.
Openwall Project
BIND 4.9.10-OW2 includes the patch provided by ISC and thus has the
two vulnerabilities affecting BIND 4 fixed. Previous versions of BIND
4.9.x-OW patches, if used properly, significantly reduced the impact
of the "named" vulnerability. The patches are available at their usual
location:
http://www.openwall.com/bind/
A patch against BIND 4.9.11 will appear as soon as this version is
officially released, although it will likely be effectively the same
as the currently available 4.9.10-OW2. It hasn't been fully researched
whether the resolver code in glibc, and in particular on Openwall
GNU/*/Linux, shares any of the newly discovered BIND 4 resolver
library vulnerabilities. Analysis is in progress.
Red Hat Inc.
Older releases (6.2, 7.0) of Red Hat Linux shipped with versions of
BIND which may be vulnerable to these issues however a Red Hat
security advisory in July 2002 upgraded all our supported
distributions to BIND 9.2.1 which is not vulnerable to these issues.
All users who have BIND installed should ensure that they are running
these updated versions of BIND.
http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2002-133.html Red Hat Linux
http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2002-119.html Advanced Server 2.1
Appendix B. - References
1. "Securing an Internet Name Server" -
http://www.cert.org/archive/pdf/dns.pdf
2. "Internet Security Systems Security Advisory - Multiple Remote
Vulnerabilities in BIND4 and BIND8" -
http://bvlive01.iss.net/issEn/delivery/xforce/alertdetail.jsp?oid=
21469
"BIND Vulnerabilities" -
http://www.isc.org/products/BIND/bind-security.html
"RFC2671 - Extension Mechanisms for DNS (EDNS0)" -
ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc2671.txt
_________________________________________________________________
Internet Security Systems publicly reported the following issues
VU#852283, VU#229595, and VU#581682.
We thank ISC for their cooperation.
_________________________________________________________________
Author: Ian A. Finlay.
______________________________________________________________________
This document is available from:
http://www.cert.org/advisories/CA-2002-31.html
______________________________________________________________________
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Revision History
November 14, 2002: Initial release
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